Most hazards can be controlled in a variety of ways.

Obviously, the best control would be to eliminate it completely. But that isn't always possible.

So the most practical process for deciding on how to address a hazard is to find the best solution from the 'hierarchy of controls'.

It's called a hierarchy because you start at the top of the list - removing the hazard from the workplace - and work progressively down to the bottom - accepting that the hazard must remain and providing personal protective equipment.

Hierarchy of controls

Below is the order you should work through to find the control that is most appropriate. In many cases, you may find that more than one control is necessary. For example, training might be used as one of the controls with most hazards.

• Eliminate the risk, such as through removing the dangerous machine or situation, or changing the way the job is done.
  
  
• Substitute the hazardous machine or process with a safer one.
  
  
• Engineer a solution to control the risk, such as with guards, dust extraction systems or other mechanical aid.
  
  
• Isolate the machine, process or area to keep workers clear of the hazard.
  
  
• Train workers to avoid the risk, such as through the use of Safe Operating Procedures.
  
  
• Issue personal protective equipment to workers, such as hearing protection, eye protection or safety boots.